Most miscarriages occur because of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby that make it impossible for the baby to develop normally. Chromosomes carry genetic information and chromosomal errors can occur as the baby’s cells divide and grow.
Miscarriages can also be caused by a variety of maternal factors, which are factors related to the health of the mother. Maternal factors can be acute (sudden and short-lasting) or chronic (long-lasting).
Acute maternal health factors:
- Infections, e.g. rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), mycoplasma or listeria infections
- Physical trauma or severe injury
- Severe emotional shock.
Chronic maternal health factors:
- Severe high blood pressure (hypertension)
- Kidney disease
- Thyroid disease, i.e. hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism
- Hormonal problems
- Problems with the uterus or cervix
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Untreated diabetes
- Polycystic ovary syndrome.
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